/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.cassandra.streaming;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilyStore;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.Table;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.RowPosition;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Range;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Token;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.AbstractBounds;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.Descriptor;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.SSTable;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.SSTableReader;
import org.apache.cassandra.streaming.compress.CompressionInfo;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Pair;

/**
 * This class handles streaming data from one node to another.
 *
 * The source node [the Out side] is always in charge of the streaming session.  Streams may
 * be initiated either directly by the source via the methods in this class,
 * or on demand from the target (via StreamRequest).
 *
 * Files to stream are grouped into sessions, which can have callbacks associated
 * with them so that (for instance) we can mark a new node a full member of the
 * cluster after all the data it needs has been streamed.
 *
 * The source begins a session by sending
 * a Message with the stream bit flag in the Header turned on.  Part of that Message
 * will include a StreamHeader that includes the files that will be streamed as part
 * of that session, as well as the first file-to-be-streamed. (Combining session list
 * and first file like this is inconvenient, but not as inconvenient as the old
 * three-part send-file-list, wait-for-ack, start-first-file dance.)
 *
 * This is done over a separate TCP connection to avoid blocking ordinary intra-node
 * traffic during the stream.  So there is no Handler for the main stream of data --
 * when a connection sets the Stream bit, IncomingTcpConnection knows what to expect
 * without any further Messages.
 *
 * After each file, the target node [the In side] will send a StreamReply indicating success
 * (FILE_FINISHED) or failure (FILE_RETRY).
 *
 * When all files have been successfully transferred and integrated the target will
 * send an additional SESSION_FINISHED reply and the session is complete.
 *
 * For Stream requests (for bootstrap), one subtlety is that we always have to
 * create at least one stream reply, even if the list of files is empty, otherwise the
 * target has no way to know that it can stop waiting for an answer.
 *
 */
public class StreamOut
{
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StreamOut.class);

    /**
     * Stream the given ranges to the target endpoint from each CF in the given keyspace.
    */
    public static void transferRanges(InetAddress target, Table table, Collection<Range<Token>> ranges, IStreamCallback callback, OperationType type)
    {
        transferRanges(target, table, table.getColumnFamilyStores(), ranges, callback, type);
    }

    /**
     * Stream the given ranges to the target endpoint for provided CFs in the given keyspace.
     */
    public static void transferRanges(InetAddress target, Table table, Iterable<ColumnFamilyStore> cfses, Collection<Range<Token>> ranges, IStreamCallback callback, OperationType type)
    {
        StreamOutSession session = StreamOutSession.create(table.name, target, callback);
        transferRanges(session, cfses, ranges, type);
    }

    /**
     * Flushes matching column families from the given keyspace, or all columnFamilies
     * if the cf list is empty.
     */
    private static void flushSSTables(Iterable<ColumnFamilyStore> stores)
    {
        logger.info("Flushing memtables for {}...", stores);
        List<Future<?>> flushes = new ArrayList<Future<?>>();
        for (ColumnFamilyStore cfstore : stores)
            flushes.add(cfstore.forceFlush());
        FBUtilities.waitOnFutures(flushes);
    }

    /**
     * Stream the given ranges to the target endpoint from each of the given CFs.
    */
    public static void transferRanges(StreamOutSession session, Iterable<ColumnFamilyStore> cfses, Collection<Range<Token>> ranges, OperationType type)
    {
        transferRanges(session, cfses, ranges, type, true);
    }

    /**
     * Stream the given ranges to the target endpoint from each of the given CFs.
    */
    public static void transferRanges(StreamOutSession session,
                                      Iterable<ColumnFamilyStore> cfses,
                                      Collection<Range<Token>> ranges,
                                      OperationType type,
                                      boolean flushTables)
    {
        assert ranges.size() > 0;
        logger.info("Beginning transfer to {}", session.getHost());
        logger.debug("Ranges are {}", StringUtils.join(ranges, ","));

        if (flushTables)
            flushSSTables(cfses);

        List<SSTableReader> sstables = Lists.newLinkedList();
        for (ColumnFamilyStore cfStore : cfses)
        {
            List<AbstractBounds<RowPosition>> rowBoundsList = Lists.newLinkedList();
            for (Range<Token> range : ranges)
                rowBoundsList.add(range.toRowBounds());
            ColumnFamilyStore.ViewFragment view = cfStore.markReferenced(rowBoundsList);
            sstables.addAll(view.sstables);
        }

        transferSSTables(session, sstables, ranges, type);
    }

    /**
     * Low-level transfer of matching portions of a group of sstables from a single table to the target endpoint.
     * You should probably call transferRanges instead. This moreover assumes that references have been acquired on the sstables.
     */
    public static void transferSSTables(StreamOutSession session, Iterable<SSTableReader> sstables, Collection<Range<Token>> ranges, OperationType type)
    {
        List<PendingFile> pending = createPendingFiles(sstables, ranges, type);

        // Even if the list of pending files is empty, we need to initiate the transfer otherwise
        // the remote end will hang in cases where this was a requested transfer.
        session.addFilesToStream(pending);
        session.begin();
    }

    // called prior to sending anything.
    private static List<PendingFile> createPendingFiles(Iterable<SSTableReader> sstables, Collection<Range<Token>> ranges, OperationType type)
    {
        List<PendingFile> pending = new ArrayList<PendingFile>();
        for (SSTableReader sstable : sstables)
        {
            Descriptor desc = sstable.descriptor;
            List<Pair<Long,Long>> sections = sstable.getPositionsForRanges(ranges);
            if (sections.isEmpty())
            {
                // A reference was acquired on the sstable and we won't stream it
                sstable.releaseReference();
                continue;
            }
            CompressionInfo compression = null;
            if (sstable.compression)
            {
                compression = new CompressionInfo(sstable.getCompressionMetadata().getChunksForSections(sections),
                                                  sstable.getCompressionMetadata().parameters);
            }
            pending.add(new PendingFile(sstable, desc, SSTable.COMPONENT_DATA, sections, type, sstable.estimatedKeysForRanges(ranges), compression));
        }
        logger.info("Stream context metadata {}, {} sstables.", pending, Iterables.size(sstables));
        return pending;
    }
}
