
EFPO	Educating Future Physicians for Ontario#_#COFM	Council of Ontario Faculties of Medicine#_#AMS	Associated Medical Services



URMs	underrepresented minorities


CME	continuing medical education
CME	continuing medical education#_#PREP	Physician Review Program




RVUs	relative value units

EBM	Evidence-based medicine

AAMC's	Association of American Medical Colleges'#_#AMCs	academic medical centers

PBL	problem-based learning
OSCE	objective structure clinical examination





CPA	clinical problem analysis
GME	graduate medical education



StAR	steroidogenic acute regulatory protein#_#ACTH	acute stimulation by corticotrophin#_#LH	luteinizing hormone
IDI	iodothyronine deiodinase
LESP	lizard epididymal secretory protein
17beta-HSD2	17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2


hCG	human chorionic gonadotrophin#_#CI	confidence interval#_#PgR	progesterone receptor
ECM	extracellular matrix
CRF-BP	corticotrophin-releasing factor binding protein
NO	nitric oxide#_#eNOS	endothelial type of NO synthase
3beta-HSD II	3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II
RA	Retinoic acid#_#NaB	sodium butyrate#_#SV	seminal vesicle#_#tTGase	tissue transglutaminase#_#RAR	RA receptor
PRL	prolactin#_#PLF-RP	proliferin-related protein#_#PLP-F	prolactin-like protein-F
ASA	anti-sperm antibodies#_#APA	anti-phospholipid antibodies#_#AZA	antizonal antibodies#_#IVF	in vitro fertilization#_#ICSI	intracytoplasmic sperm injection#_#TAT	tray agglutination test#_#MAR	mixed anti-globulin reaction test#_#ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay#_#ET	embryo transfer
IGF	insulin-like growth factor#_#PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor#_#EGF	epidermal growth factor#_#FF	follicular fluid#_#ICSI	intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection#_#LH	luteinizing hormone#_#FSH	follicle-stimulating hormone#_#hMG	human menopausal gonadotrophin
CA	cancer antigen#_#IVF ET	in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer#_#LHRH	luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone#_#hMG	human menopausal gonadotrophin#_#hCG	human chorionic gonadotrophin#_#OPU	oocyte pick-up
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor#_#IVF	in vitro fertilization
APCR	activated protein C resistance#_#APC SR	APC sensitivity ratio
IVF ET	in vitro fertilization embryo transfer#_#ACA	anti-cardiolipin antibodies#_#ANA	anti-nuclear antibodies#_#ds	double-stranded#_#RF	rheumatoid factor#_#LAC	lupus anti-coagulant
IL	interleukin#_#LPS	lipopolysaccharide#_#OTA	oligoteratoasthenospermic#_#FCS	fetal calf serum
IFN	interferon#_#VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor#_#ES	endometrial stromal
GnRHa	gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
IL	interleukin#_#AECC	autologous endometrial coculture#_#IVF	in vitro fertilization#_#CM	conditioned media#_#frag	fragmentation
AOS	allene oxide synthase




ABA	abscisic acid
LS	Linsmaier-Skoog#_#IAA	3-indoleacetic acid
PAL	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase#_#AIP	2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid#_#S/G	syringyl to guaiacyl#_#FT-IR	Fourier-transform infrared


DMDP	2R,5R-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3R,4R-dihydroxypyrrolidine















SLNB	sentinel lymph node biopsy

QOL	quality-of-life
CT/RT	chemotherapy and radiotherapy#_#HCR	Histologic complete response#_#CCR	clinical complete response
IRX-2	natural cytokine mixture#_#SCC	squamous cell carcinoma#_#H&N	head and neck

END	elective neck dissection
CT	computed tomography
OPM	oropharyngeal motility#_#SPSS	Swallowing Performance Status Scale


3-D	3-dimensional


DMBA	9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
SOH	supraomohyoid
SOHND	Supraomohyoid neck dissection
END	endoscopic neck dissection



SLN	sentinel lymph node


Sf9	Spodoptera frugiperda#_#NADH-GOGAT	glutamate synthase

22K hGH	22 kDa growth hormone
ESI-MS	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

MAD	multiple wavelength anomalous diffraction

HMDM	human monocyte-derived macrophages#_#EGFP	enhanced green fluorescent protein
SH	subtractive hybridization#_#DCH	differential colony hybridization

EXACCT	exonuclease-amplification coupled capture technique

PNA	peptide nucleic acid



rbcL	ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit
CFLP	Cleavase Fragment Length Polymorphism
DGC	dystrophin-glycoprotein complex#_#alpha-DB	alpha-dystrobrevin#_#NMJ	neuromuscular junction

MARCM	mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker#_#MB	mushroom body#_#Nb	neuroblast
bHLH	basic helix-loop-helix#_#CNS	central nervous system#_#Shh	Sonic hedgehog
bHLH	Basic helix-loop-helix#_#PDGFRalpha	platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha
NGF	nerve growth factor#_#DRG	dorsal root ganglion
POMA	paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia#_#GlyRalpha2 E3A	glycine alpha2 exon 3A
NMDARs	N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors

K+	potassium#_#HMs	hypoglossal motoneurons

OEG	olfactory ensheathing glia
SCN	suprachiasmatic nuclei
SL-M	Stratum lacunosum-moleculare#_#IPSCs	inhibitory postsynaptic currents

NMDAR	NMDA receptor
HVC	high vocal center
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging#_#DTI	diffusion tensor imaging
M-CSFR	M-CSF receptor
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor-1#_#LTGF-beta 1	latent transforming growth factor beta 1#_#M6P	mannose-6-phosphate
OP-1	Osteogenic protein-1#_#BMP-7	bone morphogenetic protein-7
IGF-1R	Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor
FGF	fibroblast growth factors
b FGF	basic fibroblast growth factor
OP-1	osteogenic protein-1

PUD	peptic ulcer disease#_#LR	likelihood ratio
GPs'	general practitioners'
EDI-2	Eating Disorders Inventory#_#TAS-20	Toronto Alexithymia Scale#_#ANOVA	analysis of variance
PEFR	peak expiratory flow rate
A&E	accident and emergency

GP	general practitioner



ACE	angiotensin-converting enzyme

FEV1	forced expiratory volume#_#ER	emergency room
oc	Osteosclerosis#_#BAC	bacterial artificial chromosome
L/B/K	Liver/bone/kidney#_#ALP	alkaline phosphatase
PTH	parathyroid hormone#_#PTHrP	PTH-related peptide
PTH	Parathyroid hormone#_#topo II	topoisomerase II
TGF-beta	transforming growth factor-beta#_#Cl2MBP	dichlormethane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid 
NTx	cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen
IL-6	interleukin-6#_#TGF-beta	Transforming growth factor-beta 
GH	Growth hormone#_#GH rats	GH3-bearing rats


BMT	bone marrow transplantation#_#BMD	Bone mineral density
Ca	calcium#_#TRAP	Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase#_#IGF-I	Insulin-like growth factor I
COLIA1	collagen I alpha 1 gene#_#BMD	bone mineral density
2-D	two-dimensional#_#3-D	three-dimensional#_#micro-CT	micro-computed tomography#_#SMI	structure model index






DGA	dental general anaesthesia#_#LA	local anaesthetic
GDPs	general dental practitioners
















PE	parietal endoderm#_#PrE	primitive endoderm#_#EMT	epithelio-mesenchyme transition#_#EMI	epithelium-mesenchyme interactions
RPTPs	Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatases

PGCs	primordial germ cells#_#YSL	yolk syncitial layer


AD	atopic dermatitis
SSLF	skin surface lipid film#_#SC	stratum corneum
LCs	Langerhans cells#_#DETCs	dendritic epidermal T cells#_#IFN	interferon#_#TNF	tumour necrosis factor#_#IL	interleukin
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide#_#PGP 9.5	protein gene product 9.5
TGF	Transforming growth factor#_#ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
NO	Nitric oxide#_#NOS	NO synthase#_#EPF	eosinophilic pustular folliculitis
CTCL	cutaneous T-cell lymphoma#_#EGF	epidermal growth factor#_#TGF-alpha	transforming growth factor-alpha#_#EGFr	EGF receptor
IFN-alpha	interferon-alfa#_#ECTL	epidermotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
AA	Alopecia areata#_#MoAb	monoclonal antibody

CIU	chronic idiopathic urticaria#_#ASST	autologous serum skin test



AD	atopic dermatitis



EPPK	Epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma#_#K9	keratin 9
DSH	dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria

NK	natural killer#_#EBV	Epstein-Barr virus#_#TCR	T-cell receptor
HPV	human papillomavirus#_#PCR	polymerase chain reaction#_#SCC	squamous cell carcinoma#_#VIN	vulval intraepithelial neoplasia#_#L1-PCR	PCR with consensus primers for the L1 region
EQ	Erythroplasia of Queyrat#_#ALA	5-aminolaevulinic acid#_#PDT	photodynamic therapy
SSSS	staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome#_#MRSA	methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
RPC	Reactive perforating collagenosis#_#ARPC	acquired form of RPC

CN	2-Chloracetophenone

K2e	Keratin 2e#_#EGA	estimated gestational age

hHb1	Human hair keratin basic 1
BM	basement membrane
PKC	protein kinase C#_#SDS	sodium dodecyl sulphate
IFN-gamma	Interferon-gamma#_#IL	interleukin#_#AD	atopic dermatitis#_#PMA	phorbol myristate acetate
MELAS syndrome	mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes#_#bp	base pair#_#mtDNA	mitochondrial genome
NTB	nitrotetrazolium blue chloride#_#UV	ultraviolet
CP	cicatricial pemphigoid
AD	atopic dermatitis#_#HDMs	house dust mites

PUVA	psoralen-ultraviolet A#_#MPD	minimal phototoxic dose
DLQI	Dermatology Life Quality Index#_#DPU	delayed pressure urticaria
GHQ-28	General Health Questionnaire#_#SF-36	Short Form 36


GLA	gamma-linolenic acid
IBS	ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens
AeCP	antiepiligrin (laminin 5) cicatricial pemphigoid
BCC	Basal cell carcinoma
SS	SÃ©zary syndrome
CLL	chronic lymphatic leukaemia#_#CBCL	cutaneous B-cell lymphoma
HV	hydroa vacciniforme#_#EBV	Epstein-Barr virus#_#EBER	EBV-encoded small nuclear RNA#_#BHLF	Bam HI-H, l-fragment

APS	antiphospholipid syndrome



SA	salicylic acid#_#SLS	sodium lauryl sulphate#_#TEWL	Transepidermal water loss

SCI	spinal cord injury#_#TBI	traumatic brain injury#_#PTA	post-traumatic amnesia

ATL	adult T-cell leukemia
PCD	plasma cell dyscrasias#_#MM	multiple myeloma#_#WM	Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia#_#Dex	dexamethasone#_#IFN-gamma	interferon-gamma
EORTC	European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer
BLPD	B-lymphoproliferative post-transplant disorder#_#MoAbs	monoclonal antibodies
MCL	mantle-cell lymphoma#_#CR	complete response#_#PR	partial response#_#TTP	time to disease progression#_#RR	response rate
FL	follicular lymphoma#_#MCL	mantle-cell lymphoma
MCL	Mantle-cell lymphoma#_#FISH	fluorescence in situ hybridization#_#YACs	yeast artificial chromosomes#_#PAC	P1-derived artificial chromosome
IgH	immunoglobulin heavy chain gene
beta 2M	beta 2-microglobulin#_#FFS	failure-free survival#_#FL	follicular lymphoma#_#pb	peripheral blood
AT	Ataxia teleangiectasia#_#NBS	Nijmegen breakage syndrome#_#NHL	non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
HD	Hodgkin's disease#_#NHL	non-Hodgkin's lymphoma



I.L.S.G.	International Lymphoma Study Group#_#R.E.A.L.	'Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms'#_#EAHP	European Association of Pathologists#_#SH	Society for Hematopathology#_#WHO	World Health Organization#_#CAC	Clinical Advisory Committee#_#IPI	International Prognostic Index
BLL	Burkitt-like lymphoma#_#BL	Burkitt lymphoma#_#LBCL	large B-cell lymphoma
NHL	non-Hodgkin's lymphomas#_#PCL	primary cerebral lymphoma
PTLD	Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders
SCT	stem-cell transplantation#_#CLL	chronic lymphocytic leukemia

BMT	bone marrow transplantation#_#LGL	low-grade lymphoma#_#CLL	chronic lymphocytic leukemia#_#CR	complete remission
NHL	non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
NHL	non-Hodgkin's lymphoma#_#OR	Odds ratios#_#95% CI	95% confidence intervals
NHL	non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
HD	Hodgkin's disease#_#GHSG	German Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group#_#BEACOPP	dose intensified chemotherapy
CSS	cause specific survival
C	chemotherapy#_#U	unpurged#_#P	purged

AIDS	Acquired immune deficiency syndrome#_#HIV	human immunodeficiency virus#_#DPPIV	dipeptidyl peptidase IV#_#ADA	adenosine deaminase#_#RANTES	regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted#_#SDF-1	stromal cell-derived factor-1
HCV	hepatitis C virus
EB	Epstein Barr#_#HHV-6	human herpesvirus 6#_#HCV	hepatitis C virus
EBV	Epstein Barr virus#_#NK	natural killer
CMV	Human cytomegalovirus#_#MHC	major histocompatibility complex
HHV-6	Human herpesvirus 6#_#HHV-7	human herpesvirus 7
ROP	retinopathy of prematurity
VAS	visual analogue scale
ROP	retinopathy of prematurity

FTMH	full thickness macular holes
tHcy	total homocysteine

NDNS	national diet and nutrition survey#_#GAC	Glasgow acuity card

CIN	congenital idiopathic nystagmus#_#SDN	sensory defect nystagmus#_#VEPs	visual evoked potentials#_#OKN	optokinetic nystagmus
IOP	intraocular pressure
PAC	Primary angle closure#_#PACG	PAC with glaucoma
VZV	Varicella zoster virus#_#ARN	acute retinal necrosis#_#PCR	polymerase chain reaction
tRCEC	transformed rabbit corneal epithelial cells#_#ET-1	endothelin-1
EMIU	Experimental melanin induced uveitis#_#EIU	Endotoxin induced uveitis#_#TUNEL	terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate biotin nick end labelling#_#iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
TdT	terminal deoxynucleotide transferase#_#TUNEL	terminal deoxynucleotide transferase (TdT) mediated nick end labelling
TRAP	telomeric repeat amplification protocol#_#hTR	telomerase RNA component



SO	sympathetic ophthalmia
NFL	nerve fibre layer#_#S/N	Superior to nasal#_#I/N	inferior to nasal#_#S/I	superior to inferior
5-FU	5-fluorouracil
CIN	conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia



IOP	intraocular pressure
ECCE	extracapsular cataract extraction
HRP	horseradish peroxidase
GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein


EWCL	extended wear contact lens
DCR	dacryocystorhinostomies

scFv	single-chain variable fragment

ORFs	open reading frames
Epo	erythropoietin#_#pCAGGS-Epo	plasmid DNA expressing rat Epo
SIVs	simian immunodeficiency viruses#_#MuLV	murine leukemia virus#_#VSV-G	G glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus
rAAV	recombinant adeno-associated virus#_#GFP	green fluorescent protein#_#ELISA	enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay
Ag	antigens#_#HR	hyperacute rejection#_#HIS	hyperimmune serum
EBV	Epstein-Barr virus#_#EBNA-1	Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1#_#HVJ	hemagglutinating virus of Japan

PSEs	polyion-sensitive electrodes



NO	nitric oxide#_#SHR	spontaneously hypertensive rats#_#eNOS	Endothelial NO synthase





ITIES	interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions

GluR	glutamate receptor
LOD	limits of detection
CE	Capillary electrophoresis#_#EC	electrochemical detection
PED	Pulsed electrochemical detection#_#IPAD	Integrated pulsed amperometric detection

TFA	trifluoroacetic acids#_#SSC	S-sulfocysteine



EC	electrochemical detection
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunoassay
GlOx	L-glutamate oxidase#_#HRP	horseradish peroxidase#_#FI	flow injection#_#PEGDGE	Poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether
HPLC	high-performance liquid chromatographic
LC/ESI/MS/MS	HPLC/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric#_#MTIC	5-(3-N-methyltriazen-1-yl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide#_#SRM	selected reaction monitoring#_#LLOQ	lower limit of quantitation#_#QC	quality control

CE	capillary electrophoresis#_#CD	cyclodextrins
RIMMS	repetitive immunizations, multiple sites
beta-END	beta endorphin#_#CYSP	cysteine peptide#_#ESI/MS	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Lid	Lidocaine#_#IS	internal standard
MH	Meclizine Hydrochloride#_#SRCL	specific residual cleaning Level#_#VLOD	visual limit of detection#_#RSD	relative standard deviations
TQ	thymoquinone#_#DTQ	dithymoquinone#_#THQ	thymohydroquinone#_#THY	thymol
CE	capillary electrophoresis#_#C8GLIP	Des-amino-histidine-7-arginine-26 N(epsilon)-octanoyl-lysine-34-human glucagon-like insulinotropic peptide#_#SEC	size exclusion chromatography
ET	endothelin
DEX-MPS	dextran-methylprednisolone succinate#_#MPS	methylprednisolone hemisuccinate#_#MP	methylprednisolone
HPLC	high performance liquid chromatographic#_#UV	ultraviolet

CPPD	calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate




SAS	Sleep apnea syndrome#_#NMR	nuclear magnetic resonance imaging








HFM	hemifacial microsomia#_#DO	distraction osteogenesis#_#PA	posteroanterior

